What Is The Speed At Which The 802.11g Wireless Technology Transfers Data?

Latest update on Wednesday 3 Feb 2021 à 03:51 by Elena Keracheva.

The IEEE 802.11 specification (ISO/IEC 8802-11) is an international standard describing the characteristics of a wireless local expanse network (WLAN). The name Wi-Fi (stands for Wireless Fidelity, sometimes incorrectly shortened to WiFi) corresponds to the name of the certification given by the Wi-Fi Brotherhood, formerly WECA (Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance) - the group that ensures compatibility between hardware devices that utilize the 802.11 standard. Today, due to misuse of the terms (and for marketing purposes), the name of the standard is frequently confused with the proper name of the certification. A Wi-Fi network, in reality, is a network that complies with the 802.11 standard.

Coverage
Introduction to Wi-Fi (802.11)
The Dissimilar WiFi Standards
Range and Data Menstruum
802.11a
802.11b
802.11g

Coverage

Hardware devices certified by the Wi-Fi Brotherhood are allowed to use this logo: Wi-Fi Certification Logo

With Wi-Fi, it is possible to create loftier-speed wireless local area networks, if the estimator to be connected is not also far from the access point. In practice, Wi-Fi can exist used to provide loftier-speed connections (11 Mbps or greater) to laptop computers, desktop computers, PDAs and any other devices located within a radius of several dozen metres (effectually 39ft.) indoors (in general 20m-50m/60ft.-164ft. abroad) or inside several hundred metres/ft. outdoors.

Wi-Fi providers are starting to blanket areas that have a high concentration of users (like train stations, airports, and hotels) with wireless networks. These access areas are called <bold>hot spots.

Introduction to Wi-Fi (802.11)

The 802.eleven standard reserves the depression levels of the OSI model for a wireless connection that uses electromagnetic waves, that is:

The physical layer: sometimes shortened to the "PHY" layer, information technology offers three types of information encoding.
The data link layer: comprised of two sub-layers: Logical Link Control (or LLC) and Media Access Control (or MAC).

The concrete layer defines the radio moving ridge modulation and signalling characteristics for data transmission, while the data link layer defines the interface betwixt the machine's bus and the physical layer, in detail an access method shut to the one used in the Ethernet standard and rules for advice betwixt the stations of the network. The 802.xi standard actually has iii physical layers that ascertain alternative modes of transmission:

Data Link Layer
(MAC)

802.2

802.11

Physical Layer
(PHY)

DSSS

FHSS

Infrared

Any high-level protocol can be used on a Wi-Fi wireless network the aforementioned manner it can be used on an Ethernet network.

The Different WiFi Standards

The IEEE 802.eleven standard is actually merely the earliest standard, allowing 1-two Mbps of bandwidth. Amendments have to be fabricated to the original standard in gild to optimize bandwidth (these include the 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g standards, which are called 802.11 physical standards) or to meliorate specify components in order to ensure improved security or compatibility. This table shows the various amendments to the 802.xi standard and their significance:

Name of standard	Name	Description
802.11a	Wifi5	The 802.11a standard (called WiFi v) allows higher bandwidth (54 Mbps maximum throughput, thirty Mbps in practice). The 802.11a standard provides 8 radio channels in the 5 GHz frequency band.
802.11b	WiFi	The 802.11b standard is currently the most widely used one. It offers a maximum thoroughput of 11 Mbps (6 Mbps in exercise) and a reach of up to 300 metres in an open environment. It uses the 2.iv GHz frequency range, with iii radio channels available.
802.11c	Bridging 802.11 and 802.1d	The 802.11c bridging standard is of no interest to the general public. It is just an amended version of the 802.1d standard that lets 802.1d bridge with 802.xi-compatible devices (on the data link level).
802.11d	Internationalization	The 802.11d standard is a supplement to the 802.11 standard which is meant to permit international utilize of local 802.11 networks. It lets different devices trade data on frequency ranges depending on what is permitted in the country where the device is from.
802.11e	Improving service quality	The 802.11e standard is meant to amend the quality of service at the level of the data link layer. The standard'due south goal is to define the requirements of unlike packets in terms of bandwidth and transmission delay so as to allow better transmission of vocalisation and video.
802.11f	Roaming	The 802.11f is a recommendation for access point vendors that allows products to exist more compatible. It uses the Inter-Access Point Roaming Protocol, which lets a roaming user transparently switch from one admission point to another while moving effectually, no matter what brands of access points are used on the network infrastructure. This power is as well simply chosen roaming.
802.11g		The 802.11g standard offers high bandwidth (54 Mbps maximum throughput, 30 Mbps in do) on the ii.iv GHz frequency range. The 802.11g standard is backwards-compatible with the 802.11b standard, meaning that devices that support the 802.11g standard can also work with 802.11b.
802.11h		The 802.11h standard is intended to bring together the 802.eleven standard and the European standard (HiperLAN two, hence the h in 802.11h) while conforming to European regulations related to frequency use and energy efficiency.
802.11i		The 802.11i standard is meant to meliorate the security of data transfers (by managing and distributing keys, and implementing encryption and hallmark). This standard is based on the AES (Avant-garde Encryption Standard) and can encrypt transmissions that run on 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g technologies.
802.11Ir		The 802.11r standard has been elaborated and so that information technology may use infra-red signals. This standard has go technologically obsolete.
802.11j		The 802.11j standard is to Japanese regulation what the 802.11h is to European regulation.

It is likewise useful to annotation the existence of a standard called "802.11b+". This is a proprietary standard with improvements in data period. All the same, this standard too suffers from gaps in interoperability due to not being an IEEE standard.

Range and Information Flow

The 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g standards, called physical standards are amendments to the 802.11 standard and offer different modes of operation that allows them to reach dissimilar information transfer speeds depending on their range.

Standard	Frequency	Speed	Range
WiFi a (802.11a)	5 GHz	54 Mbit/s	10 m
WiFi B (802.11b)	2.4 GHz	11 Mbit/s	100 m
WiFi Yard (802.11b)	2.4 GHz	54 Mbit/s	100 m

802.11a

The 802.11 standard has a maximum theoretical information flow of 54 Mbps, v times that of 802.11b, only at a range of only about thirty metres/ninety-eight anxiety. The 802.11a standard relies on a technology called OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing). It broadcasts in the 5 GHz frequency range and uses 8 non-overlapping channels.

Because of this, 802.11a devices are incompatible with 802.11b devices. However, there are devices that contain both 802.11a and 802.11b chips, called dual band devices.

Hypothetical speed (indoors)	Range
54 Mbits/south	x m
48 Mbits/due south	17 m
36 Mbits/s	25 chiliad
24 Mbits/s	30 m
12 Mbits/s	50 m
6 Mbits/s	70 chiliad

802.11b

The 802.11b standard allows for a maximum data transfer speed of 11 Mbps, at a range of most 100 meters/328 ft. indoors and up to 200 metres/656 ft. outdoors (or even beyond that, with directional antennas.)

Hypothetical speed	Range (indoors)	Range (outdoors)
11 Mbits/s	fifty m	200 m
v.5 Mbits/south	75 m	300 grand
2 Mbits/s	100 one thousand	400 m
ane Mbit/southward	150 one thousand	500 m

802.11g

The 802.11g standard allows for a maximum data transfer speed of 54 Mbps at ranges comparable to those of the 802.11b standard. What's more, as the 802.11g standard uses the 2.4GHz frequency range with OFDM coding, this standard is compatible with 802.11b devices, with the exception of some older devices.

Hypothetical speed	Range (indoors)	Range (outdoors)
54 Mbits/due south	27 m	75 m
48 Mbits/s	29 thousand	100 one thousand
36 Mbits/s	30 m	120 thou
24 Mbit/s	42 m	140 m
18 Mbit/s	55 thou	180 1000
12 Mbit/due south	64 m	250 k
9 Mbit/s	75 m	350 one thousand
6 Mbit/south	xc one thousand	400 m